it 在英語中的意思較多,用法較廣,現總結如下。
(一)it作句子的真正主語。
這種用法是大家最早學習到it時所掌握的句型,對大家來說都比較簡單,這里指給出例句,幫大家復習一下。
1.it 代詞,指前面已經提到過的人或事物,有時指心目中的或成為問題的人或事物,作真正主語。例如:
What's this? -It is a elephant. 這是什么?這是一只大象。
Who is it? -It's me. 誰?是我。
It's the wind shaking the door. 是風刮得門響。
2.it指時間、季節。一般用于無人稱動詞的主語。例如:
What time is it? -It's nine o'clock. 幾點了?九點了。
It's time for the party. Let's go. 聚會的時間到了,我們走吧。
What day is today? -It's Friday. 今天星期幾?今天星期五。
What's the date today? -It is September 2nd. 今天是幾號?今天是九月二日。
What season is it? -It is winter. 現在是什么季節?是冬季。
3.it 指氣候。一般作無人稱動詞的主語。 例如:
Is it cold in this room? -No, it isn't. 屋里冷嗎?不冷。
What's the weather like today? -It is fine. 今天天氣怎么樣?是晴天。
It often rains in summer and it often snows in winter in this city. 這個城市夏天經常下雨,冬天經常下雪。
4.it指距離、情況等。一般用作無人稱動詞的主語。 例如:
It is five kilometers from my home to the school. 從我家到學校有五公里。
It is very near from this factory to that one. 從這個工廠到那個工廠非常近。
It is a long way to the school. 離學校很遠。
Is it well with you? 你身體好嗎?
(二)it作形式主語。
動詞不定式、動名詞短語、從句在句子中起主語作用,而這一部分用詞較多時,可以用it作為形式主語,放在句首代表其后所說的事實上的、真正的主語,而把真正的主語放在后面。
1.It +謂語+動詞不定式。It 作形式主語,動詞不定式作真正的主語。 例如:
It is difficult to lose weight. 減肥是很艱難的。
It's a good habit to sleep early and get up early. 早睡早起是個好習慣。
It's important to do proper memory work in the study of a foreign language. 在學習外語時適當地做一些有助于記憶的練習是很重要的。
It is right to tell her the truth. 告訴她事實是對的。
2.It+謂語+動名詞短語。It 作形式主語,動名詞短語作真正的主語。
例如:
It is dangerous playing with fire. 玩火是危險的。
It is no use learning without thinking. 學而不思則罔。
It's useless arguing with a silly boy. 和笨孩子爭論是沒有用的。
3.It+謂語+名詞性從句。It 作形式主語,以that引導的名詞性從句是真正的主語。
例如: It is a shame that you didn't see such a good performance . 你沒看這么好的表演,真可惜。
It is certain that we shall succeed. 我們一定會成功。
It is strange that nobody knows where he lives. 真奇怪,誰也不知道他住在哪里。 (It is strange that…后面可用虛擬語氣。 如:It is strange that he should have made such a mistake. 他居然犯了這樣一個錯誤,真奇怪。)
It is said that the plane will take off at ten tomorrow morning. 據說飛機明天上午十點起飛。
(三)it作形式賓語。
it 作形式賓語,代表其后所說的真正的賓語。真正的賓語是以that 引導的名詞性從句或不定式短語。
例如:
I consider it wrong that you Chinese students learn English without comparing it with your own language. 我認為你們中國學生學習英語,不和你們自己的語言比較是不對的。
I find it not so difficult to learn a foreign language. 我發現學習一門外語不那么困難。
I remember I made it clear to you that I was not coming. 我記得向你明確表示過我不來。 They want to make it clear to the public that they are doing an important and necessary job. 他們要向公眾表明,他們在做一件重要而又必要的工作。
(四)it 用于強調結構。
在表示強調的結構中,it 可用作先行代詞,這種結構的句型如下:It +is/was +被強調的部分+that +其他部分。如果強調的部分是人,可用who, whom 代替that. 例如:
Professor Wang teaches us English every Monday afternoon. 王教授每星期一下午教我們英語。
強調主語:It is Professor Wang who teaches us English every Monday afternoon.
強調間接賓語:It is us whom Prof. Wang teaches English every Monday afternoon.
強調直接賓語:It is English that Prof. Wang teaches us every Monday afternoon.
強調狀語:It is every Monday afternoon that Prof. Wang teaches us English.
希望以上的總結,能幫同學們更加深入學習it的用法,其中涉及到虛擬語氣、強調結構等相關語法,同學們要多多復習哦!
更多精彩資訊請關注查字典資訊網,我們將持續為您更新最新資訊!