Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in servers and networks to support collaborative software, most distance learning courses can run on existing or minimally upgraded ( 升級) systems. (07.12 Passage 1)
分析主干:courses can run (on...)
Although 引導讓步狀語從句。investment in...表示“在......方面的投資”。不定式to support... 是賓語investment 的補足語,“項目需要投資來支持相關軟件”(因為)support 的邏輯主語不是programs 而是investment,所以該不定式應該是補語,而非目的狀語)。譯文:雖然一些規模更大的課程需要斥資增加新的服務器、擴建網絡來支持配套的軟件,但大部分遠程教育課程可以在現有的或稍加升級的系統上運行。
While many good and useful claims are being made, it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the environmental impact of the products they buy. (05.6 Passage 2)
分析主干:it is clear that...
句首的While 引導讓步狀語從句,“盡管”......。it is clear......中,it 是形式主語,省略連接詞that 的從句there is...才是句子的真正主語。in ensuring...是there be 句型的狀語成分,“在確保......方面”。ensuring 后面接的是省略that 的賓語從句。
譯文:雖然有許多好而有用的聲明,但是,很明顯,要確保購買者完全知曉所購產品對環境的影響還需要很長的時間。
While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so. (07.6 Passage 2)
分析主干:they cannot work...
While 引導讓步狀語從句,“盡管......”。從句中的employ 表示“采用”,不定式to get...作目的狀語。work in parallel“并行不悖地起作用”。no matter how 也引導讓步狀語從句,表示“無論多么......”。
譯文“盡管要完成定稿這兩種思維都不可或缺,可是它們卻不能并行著參與寫作過程-----無論我們多么認為原本如此。
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